What typically characterizes 'evidence' in forensic science?

In forensic science, 'evidence' is defined as factual data that can be substantiated. This means that evidence must be based on objective observations, verifiable facts, and data that can support or challenge a hypothesis regarding a case. It forms the backbone of investigations and legal proceedings as it provides a basis for drawing conclusions about what occurred during a crime.

Factual data can encompass a wide range of materials, including physical evidence like fingerprints or DNA, digital evidence like electronic records, and testimonial evidence from witnesses. The reliability and credibility of evidence are paramount, as it must withstand scrutiny in a court of law, requiring it to be both objective and substantiated by scientific methods or methodologies.

By focusing on provable facts rather than subjective opinions, circumstantial reasoning, or purely theoretical discussions, forensic evidence plays a critical role in establishing a clear narrative of events and supporting law enforcement and judicial processes.